Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv iav thiab hlau, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov yas yog:
1, tus nqi qis, tuaj yeem rov siv dua yam tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob, tsim nyog siv los ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov khoom siv kho mob pov tseg;
2, kev ua haujlwm yog qhov yooj yim, kev siv nws cov yas tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv ntau yam qauv tsim, thiab hlau thiab iav yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom;
3, tawv, elastic, tsis yooj yim tawg li iav;
4, nrog cov tshuaj zoo inertness thiab kev nyab xeeb lom.
Cov kev ua tau zoo no ua rau cov yas siv dav hauv cov khoom siv kho mob, feem ntau suav nrog polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), ABS, polyurethane, polyamide, thermoplastic elastomers, polysulfone thiab polyether ether ketone.Kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov yas, kom qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom sib txawv tau cuam tshuam, xws li polycarbonate / ABS, polypropylene / elastomer blending modification.
Vim yog kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj ua kua lossis kev sib cuag nrog tib neeg lub cev, cov kev cai yooj yim ntawm cov yas kho mob yog tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab biosafety.Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub Cheebtsam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yas yuav tsis tau precipitated rau hauv cov kua tshuaj los yog tib neeg lub cev, yuav tsis ua toxicity thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev, thiab yog non-toxic thiab harmless rau tib neeg lub cev.Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias biosafety ntawm cov yas kho mob, cov yas kho mob feem ntau muag hauv khw tau ntawv pov thawj thiab kuaj los ntawm cov kws kho mob, thiab cov neeg siv tau paub meej tias cov qib twg yog qib kho mob.
Kev kho mob plastics hauv Tebchaws Meskas feem ntau dhau FDA daim ntawv pov thawj thiab USPVI kev kuaj mob lom neeg, thiab qib kev kho mob hauv Suav teb feem ntau raug kuaj los ntawm Shandong Medical Device Testing Center.Tam sim no, tseem muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv kho mob yas hauv lub tebchaws uas tsis muaj kev nkag siab nruj ntawm biosafety ntawv pov thawj, tab sis nrog kev txhim kho ntawm cov kev cai, cov xwm txheej no yuav zoo dua.
Raws li cov qauv thiab lub zog xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv, peb xaiv cov khoom yas thiab qib zoo, thiab txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv.Cov khoom no suav nrog kev ua haujlwm, kev siv lub zog, tus nqi ntawm kev siv, kev sib dhos, kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm ntau cov khoom siv kho mob tau qhia.
Xya feem ntau siv cov yas kho mob
1. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
PVC yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.PVC resin yog dawb los yog lub teeb daj hmoov, ntshiab PVC yog atactic, tawv thiab nkig, tsis tshua siv.Raws li kev siv sib txawv, cov khoom siv sib txawv tuaj yeem muab ntxiv los ua cov khoom yas PVC qhia cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab.Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov yas yas rau PVC resin tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam khoom tawv, muag muag thiab pob tshab.
Hard PVC tsis muaj lossis muaj me me ntawm cov yas yas, muaj qhov zoo tensile, dabtsi yog khoov, compressive thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam, tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv ib leeg.Mos PVC muaj ntau plasticizers, thiab nws softness, elongation ntawm so thiab txias kuj yog nce, tab sis lub brittleness, hardness thiab tensile lub zog yog txo.Qhov ceev ntawm ntshiab PVC yog 1.4g / cm3, thiab qhov ceev ntawm PVC yas qhov chaw nrog plasticizers thiab muab tub lim yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1.15 ~ 2.00g / cm3.
Raws li kev lag luam kwv yees, kwv yees li 25% ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob yog PVC.Qhov no feem ntau yog vim tus nqi qis ntawm cov resin, ntau yam kev siv, thiab nws txoj kev ua haujlwm yooj yim.PVC cov khoom siv rau kev kho mob yog: cov kav dej hemodialysis, lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, cov pa oxygen thiab lwm yam.
2. Polyethylene (PE, Polyethylene)
Polyethylene yas yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev lag luam yas, milky, tasteless, odorless thiab non-toxic glossy waxy hais.Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm tus nqi pheej yig, kev ua haujlwm zoo, tuaj yeem siv dav hauv kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb, ntim khoom thiab kev lag luam niaj hnub, thiab tuav lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam yas.
PE feem ntau suav nrog tsawg ntom polyethylene (LDPE), siab ntom polyethylene (HDPE) thiab ultra-siab molecular hnyav polyethylene (UHDPE) thiab lwm yam.HDPE muaj tsawg dua cov saw hlau ntawm cov saw hlau polymer, cov txheeb ze molecular hnyav dua, crystallinity thiab ntom, ntau dua hardness thiab lub zog, tsis zoo opacity, siab melting point, thiab feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv txhaj tshuaj.LDPE muaj ntau ceg saw, yog li tus txheeb ze molecular hnyav yog me me, crystallinity thiab ceev yog tsawg, nrog zoo softness, tej yam kuj thiab pob tshab, feem ntau siv rau tshuab tshuab, yog tam sim no dav siv PVC lwm txoj.HDPE thiab LDPE cov ntaub ntawv kuj tuaj yeem sib xyaw raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.UHDPE muaj lub zog muaj zog, tsis muaj kev sib txhuam, tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tawg thiab zoo zog nqus cov yam ntxwv, ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv dag zog, lub hauv caug thiab lub xub pwg.
3. polypropylene (PP, polypropylene)
Polypropylene tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom.Zoo li polyethylene, tab sis yog pob tshab thiab sib dua li polyethylene.PP yog ib qho thermoplastic uas muaj cov khoom zoo heev, nrog lub ntiajteb txawj nqus me me (0.9g / cm3), tsis muaj tshuaj lom, ua haujlwm yooj yim, cuam tshuam tsis kam, tiv thaiv deflection thiab lwm yam zoo.Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub, suav nrog cov hnab ntim khoom, cov yeeb yaj kiab, cov thawv ntim khoom, cov ntaub thaiv npog, cov khoom ua si, tsheb bumpers, fibers, tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab lwm yam.
Kev kho mob PP muaj cov pob tshab siab, kev tiv thaiv zoo thiab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv, kom nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv cov khoom siv kho mob thiab kev lag luam ntim khoom.Cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog PVC nrog PP raws li lub cev tseem ceeb yog tam sim no dav siv los ua lwm yam khoom siv PVC.
4. Polystyrene (PS) thiab K resin
PS yog qhov thib peb loj tshaj plaws yas ntau yam tom qab polyvinyl chloride thiab polyethylene, feem ntau yog siv los ua ib qho khoom siv yas ua thiab daim ntawv thov, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog lub teeb yuag, pob tshab, yooj yim rau zas, molding kev ua tau zoo, yog li siv dav hauv txhua hnub plastics. , cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag thiab cov khoom siv kab lis kev cai thiab kev kawm.Nws qhov kev ntxhib los mos yog tawv thiab nkig, thiab nws muaj cov coefficient siab ntawm thermal expansion, uas txwv nws daim ntawv thov hauv engineering.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, hloov polystyrene thiab styrene-raws li copolymers tau raug tsim los kov yeej cov shortcomings ntawm polystyrene mus rau ib qho twg.K resin yog ib qho ntawm lawv.
K resin yog tsim los ntawm styrene thiab butadiene copolymerization, nws yog amorphous polymer, pob tshab, tsis qab, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, ntom ntawm 1.01g / cm3 (tsawg dua PS, AS), muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li PS, pob tshab (80 ~ 90% ) zoo, thermal deformation kub ntawm 77 ℃, tus nqi ntawm butadiene muaj nyob rau hauv K cov ntaub ntawv, nws hardness kuj txawv, vim lub zoo fluidity ntawm K cov ntaub ntawv, kev kub ntau yam yog dav, yog li nws cov kev ua tau zoo.
Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv lub neej niaj hnub muaj xws li khob, LIDS, lub raj mis, ntim tshuaj pleev ib ce, hangers, khoom ua si, PVC hloov khoom siv, ntim khoom noj thiab ntim khoom siv kho mob.
5. ABS, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene copolymer
ABS muaj qee yam rigidity, hardness, cuam tshuam tsis kam thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv, hluav taws xob tiv thaiv thiab ethylene oxide tshuaj tua kab mob.
ABS hauv daim ntawv thov kev kho mob feem ntau yog siv los ua cov cuab yeej phais, nruas clips, koob yas, lub thawv cuab yeej, cov cuab yeej kuaj mob thiab cov khoom siv hnov lus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qee cov khoom siv kho mob loj.
6. Polycarbonate (PC, Polycarbonate)
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm PCS yog toughness, lub zog, rigidity, thiab tshav kub-resistant chav sterilization, uas ua rau PCS nyiam raws li hemodialysis lim, phais cov tes tuav, thiab oxygen tso tsheb hlau luam (thaum siv nyob rau hauv phais plawv phais, qhov ntsuas no yuav tshem tawm carbon dioxide ntawm lub ntshav thiab nce oxygen);
Lwm daim ntawv thov ntawm PC hauv cov tshuaj suav nrog cov koob txhaj tshuaj tsis muaj koob, cov twj tso kua mis perfusion, cov hlab ntshav centrifuge, thiab pistons.Ua kom zoo dua ntawm nws cov pob tshab siab, cov tsom iav myopia ib txwm yog ua los ntawm PC.
7. PTFE (Polytetrafluoro ethylene)
Polytetrafluoroethylene resin yog cov hmoov dawb, waxy tsos, du thiab tsis lo, yog cov yas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.PTFE muaj cov khoom zoo heev uas tsis piv rau cov thermoplastics dav dav, yog li nws yog lub npe hu ua "yas huab tais".Nws cov kev sib txhuam coefficient yog qis tshaj ntawm cov yas, muaj biocompatibility zoo, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab lwm yam khoom siv cog ncaj qha.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-25-2023